中國文化英語教程unit4原文翻譯（束定芳版）

Unit 4

Reading A

Chinese Tea

1 Chinese people are believed to have enjoyed tea drinking for more than 4，000 years。 Legend has it that Yan Di， one of the three rulers

in ancient times， tasted all kinds of herbs to find medical cures。 One day， as he was being poisoned by some herb he had ingested， a

drop of water from a tea tree dripped into his mouth and he was saved。 For a long time， tea was used as an herbal medicine。 During the

Western Zhou Dynasty， it was a religious offering。 During the Spring and Autumn Period， people ate fresh tea leaves as vegetables。 With

the popularization of Buddhism from the Three Kingdoms to the Northern and Southern Dynasties， the refreshing effect of tea made it a

favorite among monks in Za-Zen meditation。

據信，中國人飲茶已有 4000 多年的歷史。傳說炎帝是古代的三位統治者之一，他品嚐了各種各樣的草藥來治病。有一天，他因為吃了

某種藥草而中毒，一顆茶樹上的水滴進了他的嘴裡，他得救了。長期以來，茶被用作草藥。西周時期，它是一種宗教祭品。在春秋時

期，人們吃新鮮的茶葉作為蔬菜。隨著佛教從三國到南北朝的普及，茶的提神作用使其成為禪宗僧侶的最愛。

2 Tea as a drink prospered during the Tang Dynasty， and tea houses became popular。 A major event of this time was the completion of

Tea Classics， the cornerstone of Chinese tea culture， by Lu Yu， Tea Sage of China。 This little book details rules concerning various aspects

of tea， such as growth areas for tea trees， wares and skills for processing and tasting of tea， the history of Chinese tea and quotations

from other records， comments on tea from various places， and notes on when tea wares should be complete and when some wares could

be omitted。

茶作為一種飲料在唐代興盛起來，茶館也開始流行起來。這一時期的一件大事是中國茶聖陸羽完成了中國茶文化的基石——茶經。這

本小書細節規則關於茶的各個方面，如茶的增長領域樹、產品和技能進行處理和品嚐茶，中國茶的歷史和引文來自其他記錄，評論茶從不

同的地方，和筆記當茶產品時應該完整和一些商品可以省略。

3 Tinted by the cultural style of the Song Dynasty， tea culture at this time was delicate and sumptuous。 New skills created many different

ways to enjoy tea。 The Ming Dynasty laid the foundation for tea processing， types and drinking styles that we have inherited。

由於受到宋代文化風格的影響，這個時期的茶文化精緻而華麗。新的技能創造了許多不同的方式來享受茶。明朝為我們所繼承的茶的

加工、茶的種類和茶的飲用方式奠定了基礎。

4 During the Qing Dynasty folk art entered tea houses， making them popular entertainment centers。 This habit is still practiced in Chengdu，

Sichuan Province

清代民間藝術進入茶館，使茶館成為人們喜愛的娛樂場所。這種習慣在四川省成都市仍然存在。

5 During the Tang Dynasty， a Japanese monk brought tea seeds from Zhejiang Province to Japan。 Later in the Southern Song Dynasty，

Zen masters brought tea procedures and wares from China to Japan， promoting the initiation of the Japanese tea ceremony。 In the Song

Dynasty， Arabic merchants exported tea from Quanzhou， Fujian Province。 In the Ming Dynasty， tea was sold to Southeast Asian and South

African countries。 In 1610 it went to Europe via Macau in a Dutch merchant ship。 Thus it became an international drink。

唐朝時，一位日本僧人把茶葉種子從浙江省帶到日本。後來在南宋，禪師把茶道和茶具從中國帶到日本，推動了日本茶道的興起。在

宋代，阿拉伯商人從福建泉州出口茶葉。在明朝，茶葉被賣到東南亞和南非國家。1610 年，它乘坐荷蘭商船經澳門前往歐洲。因此，

它成為了一種國際飲料。

6 There is no agreement on the classification of tea。 It can be classified by procedure， quality， preparation methods， and so on。 Here it is

classified by the method of processing。

對茶的分類沒有一致意見。可按工藝、質量、製備方法等進行分類。這裡按處理方法進行分類。

7 It is most popular in most places in China。 It is the best drink for sultry summers as it is cool and fights off inflammation， or relieves

fever。

它在中國大部分地方都很受歡迎。它是炎炎夏日最好的飲料，因為它涼爽，可以對抗炎症，或緩解發燒。

8 Fresh tea leaves are baked to remove the bitter taste。 Quality green tea is picked around Pure Brightness （beginning around April 4–6）

and Grain Rain （beginning around April 19–21）。 The tea water is clear and the leaves remain green。

新鮮的茶葉經過烘烤以去除苦味。優質綠茶的採摘時間為清明前後（4 月 4 日至 6 日開始），穀雨前後（4 月 19 日至 21 日開始）。茶水清

澈，茶葉保持綠色。

9 The temperature of tea water should be varied according to the type of green tea。 Generally， it is the best if the water temperature is

of 85 Celsius degree。

茶水的溫度應根據綠茶的種類而變化。一般來說，水溫在 85 攝氏度是最好的

10 Well known types of green tea include Longjing from the West Lake， Biluochun from Wu County， Suzhou， Jiangsu Province， Huangshan

Maofeng from Mt。 Huangshan in Anhui， and Junshan Silver from the Hills of Junshan， Dongting Lake， Hunan Province。

著名的綠茶品種包括西湖龍井、江蘇蘇州吳縣碧螺春、安徽黃山毛峰、湖南洞庭湖君山銀山。

11 The tonic effect of green tea has long been known。 Its radiation-resistance effect makes it a top choice for people who sit before

computers for long hours。 Since it reportedly helps keep one fit and has a whitening effect on skin color， women love it very much。

綠茶的滋補作用早已為人所知。它的抗輻射效果使它成為長時間坐在電腦前的人的首選。據報道，它有助於保持健康，對膚色有美白

作用，因此女性非常喜歡它。

12 Black tea is fermented tea。 Unlike green tea， it does not lose its fragrance easily so it is suitable for long-distance transportation。 This

may explain why it was exported to the West。 It is believed to warm the stomach and is good in autumn and winter。

紅茶是發酵茶。不像綠茶，它不容易失去其香味，所以它適合長途運輸。這也許可以解釋為什麼它被出口到西方。它被認為是溫暖的

胃，在秋天和冬天是好的。

13 The most famous black tea include Qi Hong， Dian Hong and Ying Hong。 Hong means red。 It is called Hong Cha， red tea， in Chinese。

最著名的紅茶包括祁紅、滇紅和映紅。香港紅。在中國，它被稱為紅茶。

14 Qi Hong originates from Qimen， Anhui Province。 It has been the favorite black tea among Chinese black tea connoisseurs since it was

developed in 1876。 By 1939 this type had accounted for one-third of the black tea consumed in China。 Qi Hong， Darjeeling from India

and Uva from Sri Lanka are the world’s three major types of black tea。

祁紅髮源於安徽省祁門。自 1876 年問世以來，它一直是中國紅茶鑑賞家最喜愛的紅茶。到 1939 年，這種型別的紅茶已佔中國紅茶消

費量的三分之一。祁紅、印度大吉嶺茶、斯里蘭卡烏瓦茶是世界上三大紅茶品種。

15 Dian Hong is from Yunnan as Dian is the short name for Yunnan。 The area’s favorable climate ensures the widespread production of

black tea， especially in southern and western areas。

滇紅來自雲南，滇是雲南的簡稱。該地區良好的氣候保證了紅茶的廣泛生產，特別是在南部和西部地區。

16 Ying Hong is from Yingde， Guangdong。 The British royal family enjoyed its unique sweetness with the flavor of milk。

英紅來自廣東英德。英國皇室享受著牛奶特有的甜味。

17 Oolong tea reminds tea gourmets of gongfu tea， which features a whole set of tea wares from a small oven to a pot and tiny cups。

Gongfu means skill。 Tea is poured into tiny cups one by one。 The mellowness of oolong tea as well as that of friendship is strengthened

as time passes by。 The three major oolong growth areas are Fujian， Guangdong， and Taiwan。 Tieguanyin has become the representative

of oolong tea although the most precious is Dahongpao （Big Red Robe）， which was once used as a tribute。

烏龍茶讓喝茶的人想起了功夫茶，它的特點是一整套茶具，從一個小爐子到一個壺和小杯子。武術意味著技能。茶被一個接一個地倒

進小杯子裡。隨著時間的流逝，烏龍茶的醇厚和友誼的醇厚得到了加強。烏龍茶主要生長在福建、廣東和臺灣。鐵觀音已經成為烏龍

茶的代表，雖然最珍貴的是大紅袍，它曾被用作貢品。

18 Tea compressed into the shape of brick is called brick tea。 It is very popular among the Tibetan， Mongolian and Uygur for making yak

butter tea or milk tea。 For nomads， it is easy to transport。 There are many places in China producing brick tea， including Hunan， Hubei，

Sichuan， Yunnan and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region。 Sichuan is the largest producer， while Pu-erh tea is grown in Yunnan province。

Pu-erh has come into vogue among white-collar workers in major cities owing to its unique earthy mellowness。

茶被壓縮成磚的形狀叫做磚茶。犛牛酥油茶和奶茶在藏族、蒙古族和維吾爾族中很受歡迎。對於遊牧民族來說，交通很方便。中國有

許多產磚茶的地方，包括湖南、湖北、四川、雲南和廣西壯族自治區。四川是最大的茶葉產地，而普洱茶產於雲南省。普洱茶以其獨

特的泥土醇厚，在各大城市的白領中流行起來。

19 Scented tea is a mixture of flowers with green tea， black tea or oolong tea。 The flowers include jasmine， orchid， plum， gardenia， rose，

and sweet-scented osmanthus with jasmine being the most popular。 There are strict rules about the proportion of flowers to tea。 If there

are too many flowers， the scent of flowers will dilute that of tea； if too few， the tea is not perfect。 Scented tea is sweet， pleasant and

delightful to the palate。 Fuzhou in Fujian Province and Suzhou in Jiangsu Province have long been famous for jasmine tea。

花茶是花與綠茶、紅茶或烏龍茶的混合物。這些花包括茉莉花、蘭花、李子、梔子花、玫瑰和桂花，其中茉莉花最受歡迎。花和茶的

比例有嚴格的規定。如果花太多，花的香味會沖淡茶的香味；如果太少，茶就不完美。花茶香甜可口，口感怡人。福建的福州和江蘇的

蘇州一直以茉莉花茶而聞名。

20 The Chinese have a saying： “Firewood， rice， oil， salt， sauce， vinegar and tea are the seven necessities to begin a day。” Though tea is last

on the list， we still can see its importance in daily life。

中國人有句話說：“柴米油鹽醬醋茶是一天開始的七樣必需品。”雖然茶排在最後，但我們仍然可以看到它在日常生活中的重要性。

21 A simple meal in Chinese is Cu Cha Dan Fan， namely coarse tea and bland dinner。 Even a simple meal is finished off with tea， so its

importance is obvious。

在中國，一頓簡單的飯是粗茶淡飯，即粗茶和清淡的晚餐。即使是簡單的一餐也以茶結束，所以它的重要性是顯而易見的。

22 For the Chinese， tea drinking and tasting are not the same。 Tea drinking is for refreshment and tonic effect。 Tea tasting has cultural

meaning。 Tea and tea wares should match surrounding elements such as breeze， bright moon， pines， bamboo， plums and snow。 All these

show the ultimate goal of Chinese culture： the harmonious unity of human beings with nature。

對於中國人來說，喝茶和品茶是不一樣的。飲茶是為了提神補益。品茶具有文化意義。茶葉和茶具應與周圍的環境元素相匹配，如微

風、明月、松樹、竹子、李子和雪。這些都體現了中國文化的終極目標：人與自然的和諧統一。

23 Tea is compared to personal character。 Its fragrance is not aggressive； it is pleasant and lasting。 A friendship between gentlemen is

also like a cup of tea。 With a cup of tea in hand， enjoying the green leaves in a white porcelain cup， you will feel peace。 Fame， wealth and

other earthly concerns are far away。 It is the symbol of elegance。

人們把茶比作人品。它的香味沒有侵略性；它是愉快和持久的。君子之間的友誼就像一杯茶。手裡拿著一杯茶，在一個白色的瓷杯裡享

受著綠葉，你會感到平靜。名望、財富和其他世俗的關注都是遙遠的。它是優雅的象徵。

24 Tea is regarded as the most Zen-like drink。 As early as in the Tang Dynasty， a reputed Zen master answered three monks of different

status with “Go and have your cup of tea！” This same answer was meant to clear up the perceived inequality among monks。 After all， we

all are born equal。

茶被認為是最像禪宗的飲料。早在唐朝，一位著名的禪師就對三位地位不同的和尚說：“去喝杯茶吧！”同樣的答案是為了消除僧侶之間的

不平等。畢竟，我們生來平等。

25 Aside from mention in specific how-to books， tea is frequently discussed in poems and novels and appears in paintings。

除了在具體的操作手冊中提到，茶還經常出現在詩歌和小說中，並出現在繪畫中。

26 In The Dream of the Red Chamber， one of the four ancient Chinese classic novels， the author， Cao Xueqin revealed his knowledge of

and insight into tea， as well as his knowledge of the tea-drinking customs of the Qing Dynasty

在中國古代四大名著之一的《紅樓夢》中，作者曹雪芹透露了他對茶的知識和洞見，以及他對清朝飲茶習俗的瞭解。

27 People of varying ages or status had tea made with different water in various wares。 Miao Yu， a nun in the novel， treated her aristocratic

friends with either well-preserved rainwater from the previous summer or with snow water collected from snow on plum blossoms！ This

tasteful interest was a privilege of the past when the air was free of pollutants。

不同年齡和地位的人用不同的水和不同的器皿泡茶。小說中的修女繆玉，用去年夏天儲存完好的雨水和梅花上收集的雪水招待她的貴

族朋友。這種高雅的興趣是過去空氣中沒有汙染物時的特權。

28 We also find from the novel that Thai tea was imported to China and enjoyed by the rich。 One of the heroines from the wealthiest

family in the city was bold enough to dislike this； the rebellious hero also made negative comments about the tea。 Maybe it had less to

do with its taste than with their psychological makeup。

我們還從小說中發現，泰國茶是進口到中國的，併為富人所喜愛。城裡最富有的家庭裡有一位女英雄，她大膽地不喜歡這樣；這位叛逆

的英雄也對茶做出了負面的評價。也許這與他們的口味關係不大，而與他們的心理構成關係更大。

29 Tea is a mysterious but harmonious combination； it is spiritual as well as material， and invigorating as well as pacifying。 Its character is

variable in different environments。 For example， when it goes in a different direction， a different tea culture is formed。 In Japan， the

rigorous tea ceremony reflects the nation’s character of making full use of resources， and here tea also represents peace of mind。 In the

West， tea with sugar and milk may be served with desserts to create a leisurely and romantic atmosphere。

茶是一種神秘而和諧的組合；它是精神上的，也是物質上的，是令人振奮的，也是令人平靜的。它的特性在不同的環境中是可變的。例

如，當茶向不同的方向流動時，就形成了不同的茶文化。在日本，嚴謹的茶道體現了一個民族充分利用資源的性格，這裡的茶也代表

著內心的平和。在西方，加糖和牛奶的茶可以搭配甜點，營造一種悠閒浪漫的氛圍。

30 Similarly， tea-drinking habits vary in different parts of China。 Roughly， scented tea is popular in northern China； green tea is preferred

in eastern China， and black tea is optimum for people in Fujian and Guangdong。

同樣，中國各地飲茶習慣也不盡相同。大致說來，花茶在中國北方很受歡迎；中國東部地區的人喜歡喝綠茶，而福建和廣東的人最喜歡

喝紅茶。

31 Notably， tea drinking is very popular in Hong Kong and Guangdong Province。 Though dim sum， the true highlight of Yum Cha， is what

attracts gourmets， tea is an essential part of the meal。

值得注意的是，飲茶在香港和廣東省非常流行。雖然點心是 Yum Cha 最吸引美食家的地方，但茶是必不可少的一部分。

Reading C

In Hot and Liquid Times

Manas Das

1 Time for you and time for me， And time yet for a hundred indecisions， And for hundred visions and revisions， Before the taking of a

toast and tea。 — T。S。 Eliot， The Love Song of

J Alfred Prufrock

1 時間給你和時間給我，還有一百個猶豫不決的時間，對於百視覺和修訂，在採取祝酒和茶之前。 - T。S。 艾略特，愛情之歌

2．Ralph Waldo Emerson， a 19th century genius， once said， “There is a great deal of poetry and fine sentiment in a chest of tea。” Going

by the number of accolades heaped on the hot drink that stimulates but not inebriates， tea can safely be called literature’s favourite brew

and tea-scenes and tea drinking are found aplenty in the works of all great writers and poets。 Nineteenth century stalwart Thomas De

Quincey praised tea as “synonymous with civilised behaviour， decorous conversation and graceful hospitality”， while the Russian writer

Alexander Pushkin felt “Ecstasy is a glass full of tea and a piece of sugar in the mouth”。 Another Russian writer， Dostoyevsky， in his Notes

from Underground ， said， “I say let the world go to hell， but I should always have my tea。”

19 世紀的天才拉爾夫·沃爾多·艾默森（Ralph Waldo Emerson）曾經說過，“茶葉中有大量的詩歌和精緻的情感。”根據鼓勵而不是醉酒

的熱飲的讚譽數量，茶可以安全地 在所有偉大的作家和詩人的作品中都可以看到被稱為文學最喜歡的釀造和茶場和喝茶。 十九世紀

堅定的托馬斯德昆西稱讚茶是“文明行為的代名詞，高雅的談話和優雅的款待”，而俄羅斯作家亞歷山大普希金則感到“迷魂藥是一杯裝

滿茶和口中的糖”。 另一位俄羅斯作家陀思妥耶夫斯基在他的“地下筆記”中說：“我說讓世界變得地獄，但我應該總是喝茶。”

3Tea has brought cheer and joy to people all over the world for years。 Nineteenth century English essayist， wit and Anglican cleric Sydney

Smith wrote， Thank God for tea！ What would the world do without tea！ How did it exist？ I am glad I was not born before tea。” The

Chinese drank tea for medicinal value and， later， as a refreshing beverage。 Lu Tung （790 –AD 835）， a poet of the Tang Dynasty， wrote，

“The first bowl sleekly moistened throat and lips，/The second banished all my loneliness，/ The third expelled the dullness from my

mind，/Sharpening inspiration gained/from all the books I have read。/The fourth brought forth light perspiration，/Dispersing a lifetime’s

troubles through my pores。/The fifth bowl cleansed every atom of my being，/The sixth has made me kin to the immortals。/The seventh …

/I can take no more。”

茶多年來為世界各地的人們帶來了歡樂和歡樂。 十九世紀英國散文家，機智和英國聖公會神職人員悉尼史密斯寫道，感謝上帝喝茶！

如果沒有茶，世界將會做些什麼！ 它是如何存在的？ 我很高興我沒有出生在茶之前。“中國人喝茶具有藥用價值，後來又作為清涼飲

料。 唐代詩人陸東（790-AD 835）寫道：“第一碗光滑潤溼喉嚨和嘴唇，第二碗消除了我的孤獨感，/第三碗驅逐了我的沉悶，/銳化了

所獲得的靈感 /從我讀過的所有書籍。/第四次帶來了輕微的汗水，/透過我的毛孔分散了一生的煩惱。/第五碗清洗了我的每一個原子，/

第六碗讓我與神仙的親屬。/第七…… /我不能再接受了。

4 The Japanese elevated tea drinking to a fine art in their tea ceremonies， while Dutch traders were the first in Europe to drink tea and

their ships carried most of the Wonder Blatt in the 16th century。 In 1669， the East India Company started bringing tea to England fromJava。

By the 18th century tea had emerged as a triumphant and dominant beverage in Europe。 Its devotees in the Western world included

royalty and eminent personalities， as well as commoners。 Over the centuries， poets， writers and philosophers like William Cowper， Samuel

Johnson， Samuel Pepys and Confucius lauded tea in high terms。 Johnson drank gallons of it and described himself as a “hardened and

shameless tea drinker” who has “for twenty years diluted his meals only withthe infusion of this fascinating plant； whose kettle has scarcely

time to cool； who with tea amuses the evening， solaces the midnight， and welcomes the morning”。

日本人在茶道上將茶葉提升為精美藝術品，而荷蘭商人是歐洲第一個喝茶的商人，他們的船隻在16世紀運載了大部分的Wonder Blatt。

1669 年，東印度公司開始從賈瓦向英國帶來茶葉。 到了 18 世紀，茶葉已成為歐洲的一種勝利和主導飲料。 它在西方世界的奉獻者

包括皇室成員和知名人士，以及平民。 幾個世紀以來，像威廉考珀，塞繆爾約翰遜，塞繆爾佩皮斯和孔子這樣的詩人，作家和哲學家

高度讚揚了茶。 約翰遜喝了加侖，並形容自己是一個“硬化和無恥的茶飲者”，他“只用這種迷人的植物注入二十年來稀釋他的飯菜； 他

的水壺幾乎沒有時間冷卻； 那個晚上喝茶的人，在午夜過夜，並歡迎早晨“。

5 Tea addict Rudyard Kipling felt entirely lost without his usual cup， “We had a kettle， we let it leak；/Our not repairing it made it worse：/We

haven’t had any tea for a week；/The bottom is out of the universe。” Tea drinking in England was fostered by royal patronage during the

Augustan age and lavish tea parties would be thrown by the nobility。

But it was only after the marriage of Charles II to Portuguese princess Catherine in 1662 that tea drinking really began to catch on。

Edmund Waller， then poet laureate， extolled both the Queen and her favourite drink on her birthday， “Venus her myrtle， Phoebus had his

ways；/ Tea both excels， which she vouchsafes to praise。” Tea became almost an institution during the reign of Queen Anne （1702–

1714） who was a tea aficionado。 In Rape of the Lock，Alexander Pope wrote， “Here thou great Anne， whom three realms obey，/

Dost sometimes counseltake，and sometimes tea。”

茶癮者 Rudyard Kipling 感覺完全失去了沒有他平常的杯子，“我們有一個水壺，我們讓它洩漏； /我們不修復它使它變得更糟：/我們一

周沒有喝茶； /底部是沒有 在奧古斯都時代，皇家的庇護使得英格蘭的飲茶成為可能。貴族們會丟擲奢華的茶話會。

但是，直到 1662 年查理二世與葡萄牙公主凱瑟琳結婚後才開始喝茶。 當時的詩人桂冠埃德蒙·沃勒（Edmund Waller）在生日那天贊

美女王和她最喜歡的飲料，“維納斯她的桃金娘，菲比斯有他的方式； /茶都擅長，她保證讚美。”茶在統治時期幾乎成了一個機構。 安

妮女王（1702-1714）是一位茶藝愛好者。 在“強姦之鎖”一書中，亞歷山大·波普寫道：“這裡有偉大的安妮，三個領域都遵守，有時甚

至是諮詢，有時是茶。”

6 Tea-scenes are remarkable in their frequency in the works of Dickens， Jane Austen and the Bront sisters。 At teatime would-be lovers

exchanged longing glances； mothers chose suitors for their daughters and rivals traded veiled insults in polite singsong tones。 At the

centre of every social situation in Austen’s novels， one finds tea。 In Emma， Miss Bates said， “No coffee， I thank you， for me？ Never take

coffee？ a little tea if you please。”In Pride and Prejudice， one of the supreme honours Mr。 Collins can envision Lady Catherine bestowing

on Elizabeth Bennet and her friends is drinking tea with her， and among many Dickensian scenes involving tea， mention can be made of

the tortured interaction between Pip and Estella in Great Expectations。

在狄更斯，簡奧斯汀和勃朗特姐妹的作品中，茶場的頻率非常高。 在下午茶時間，可愛的情侶們互相盼望著； 母親為女兒選擇了追求

者，而競爭對手則以禮貌的歌聲交換了侮辱性的侮辱。 在奧斯汀小說的每一個社會情境的中心，人們都會找到茶。 在艾瑪，貝茨小

姐說，“沒有咖啡，我感謝你，對我來說？ 永遠不要喝咖啡？ 如果你願意的話可以喝一點茶。“在傲慢與偏見中，柯林斯先生可以想象

凱瑟琳夫人給予伊麗莎白班納特和她的朋友們最高榮譽之一就是和她一起喝茶，在許多涉及茶的狄更斯場景中，可以提到 在遠大前程

中 Pip 和 Estella 之間折磨的互動。

7 Poetry had already started proclaiming the superiority of tea over wine。 Donald Campbell’s Poem on Tea （1735） made lofty claims， “Tea

is the liquor of the fair and wise，/It cheers the mind without the least disguise/But wine intoxicates and wrongs each sense/Sweet， innocent

mild tea gives no offence。” Later on， in the first half of the 19th century， the temperance movement of reformers advocated tea drinking

as an alternative to the prevailing alcoholism。 An anonymous champion of prohibition asserted， “A dish of tea more pleases me，/Yields

softer joys， provokes less noise/And breeds no base design。” And in Dickens’s Pickwick Papers （1827）， the Wellers， father and son， both

anti-prohibitionists， voiced their alarm at the popularity of tea。

詩歌已經開始宣稱茶的優越性超過了葡萄酒。 唐納德坎貝爾的“茶之詩”（1735 年）提出了崇高的主張，“茶是公平和明智的酒，/它在

沒有最少偽裝的情況下為心靈歡呼/但葡萄酒的醉酒和錯誤每一種感覺/甜蜜，無辜的溫和茶都沒有冒犯。 “後來，在 19 世紀上半葉，

改革者的節制運動主張喝茶作為流行酗酒的替代品。 一位匿名的禁酒冠軍聲稱，“一道茶更讓我高興，/產生更柔和的樂趣，減少噪音

/並且不會產生任何基礎設計。”而在狄更斯的匹克威克論文（1827 年）中，焊工，父親和兒子都反對 - 禁酒主義者，對茶的普及表

示震驚。

8 Coleridge was an avowed tea-addict。 Once， asked how many cups he drank， he replied， “Cups！ I don’t count by cups， I count by pots。”

And Shelley wrote， “The liquid doctors rail at and that I/Will quaff in spite of them and when I die/Will toss up which died first of drinking

tea。” An anonymous Victorian poem rejects the “fleeting bliss” of wine。 in favour of a cup of tea that “soothes each aching pain and

restores the sick to health again”。 This is an early endorsement of the therapeutic value of tea。

柯勒律治是一個公認的茶癮者。 有一次，問他喝了多少杯，他回答說，“杯子！ 我不算杯子，我算數盆栽。“雪萊寫道，”液體醫生指

著我和我將會不顧一切，當我死的時候將扔掉，先喝掉茶就死了。“ 一首匿名的維多利亞詩歌拒絕了葡萄酒的“轉瞬即逝”。 贊成喝一

杯茶，“舒緩每一次疼痛，讓病人恢復健康”。 這是對茶的治療價值的早期認可。

9 Tea continued to find favour with later writers。 Henry James （1843–1916） wrote， “There are few hours in life more agreeable than the

hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea。” G。K。 Chesterton asserted， “Tea， although an Oriental/Is a gentleman at least；/

Cocoa is cad and coward，/Cocoa is a vulgar beast。” Famous English dramatist Arthur Pinero （1855–1934） exclaimed， “While there is tea，

there is hope。”

茶繼續受到後來作家的青睞。 亨利·詹姆斯（Henry James，1843-1916）寫道：“生命中的幾個小時比下午茶儀式的時間更加令人愉快。”G。K。

切斯特頓聲稱，“茶，雖然是東方人/至少是紳士； /可可是 cad 和懦夫，/可可是庸俗的野獸。”英國著名劇作家亞瑟·派恩羅（1855-1934）

驚呼：“雖然有茶，但那裡有是希望。“

10 The story of tea in literature cannot be complete without a reference to the poetry inspired by the historic Boston Tea Party。 In

December 1773， a group of indignant Americans， disguised as Red Indians， boarded three tea-importing ships docked at Boston harbour

and threw 342 chests overboard。 This was in protest against the tea tax levied on America by the British。 The event is beautifully rendered

in Emerson’s famous poem， Boston， “The cargo came and who could blame，/If Indians seized the tea，/And chest by chest let down the

same/Into the laughing sea？/For what avail the plow or sail/If land， or life， or freedom fail？”

如果沒有參考歷史性的波士頓茶黨啟發的詩歌，文學中的茶的故事就不可能完整。 1773 年 12 月，一群憤怒的美國人偽裝成紅色印第

安人，登上了停靠在波士頓港口的三艘進口茶葉船，向船上扔了 342 箱。 這是為了抗議英國對美國徵收的茶稅。 這個活動在愛默生

著名的詩歌波士頓精美呈現，“貨物來了，誰可以責怪，/如果印第安人抓住茶葉，/胸部胸部放下同樣的東西/進入大笑的海洋？/為了

什麼有用的犁或 帆/如果土地，生活，或自由失敗？”

11 Tea played its part in political and social history， too。 It was one of the major commodities on which the East India Company built its

trade and empire， and the tax on it acted as the spark plug to the American War of Independence waged against Britain in 1773。 During

a summit conference between US President Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachov of the then USSR at Geneva， Nancy Reagan and Raisa

Gorbacheva had tea together and quietly influenced their respective husbands to make peace and not war！ The cup that cheers is also a

low cholesterol diet drink， rich in minerals； and common people and scientists across the world are convinced of its many therapeutic

and medicinal properties。

茶也在政治和社會歷史中發揮了作用。 它是東印度公司建立其貿易和帝國的主要商品之一，對它的徵稅是 1773 年對美國發動的美國

獨立戰爭的火花塞。在美國總統羅納德里根舉行的首腦會議上 當時蘇聯在日內瓦的米哈伊爾·戈爾巴喬夫，南希·里根和拉伊莎·戈爾巴

喬娃一起喝茶，悄悄地影響了各自的丈夫，以實現和平，而不是戰爭！ 歡呼的杯子也是低膽固醇飲食，富含礦物質； 世界各地的普通

人和科學家都相信它具有許多治療和藥用特性。

12 The overview that emerges is that tea is the drink of today and tomorrow。 If one were to look for a beverage that stimulates the body

and mind， apart from being a healthy drink， tea is， indeed， a cup that cheers， cures and cares， as Faith Greenbowl wrote， “Steam rises

from a cup of tea/and we are wrapped in history，/inhaling ancient times and lands，/comfort of ages in our hands。”

出現的概述是茶是今天和明天的飲料。 如果一個人想要一種刺激身心的飲料，除了是一種健康的飲料外，茶確實是一個歡呼，治療和

關心的杯子，正如 Faith Greenbowl 所寫，“蒸汽從一杯茶中升起/ 我們被包裹在歷史，/吸入古代和土地，/在我們手中的舒適歲月。“