遠洋三副教你如何正確穿戴消防員裝備

消防員裝備是消防員或受過專業培訓人員在濃煙毒氣、或缺氧等環境中，從事滅火、搶險救災和救護工作時對其身體和呼吸器官進行保護的個人防護裝備。以下是本人整理的SOLAS公約和FSS規則對裝備的要求及穿戴消防員裝備的教學影片。不周之處，望指正！

影片載入中。。。

一、SOLAS公約第Ⅱ-2章第10條對消防員裝備數量配備的要求

：

ChapterⅡ-2 Regulations 10 for Number of Fire- fighterˊs outfits。

船舶至少配備兩套消防員裝備

Ship shall carry at least two Fire-fighterˊs outfits。

要求每副呼吸器配備2個備用充氣瓶，載客不超過36人的客船和貨船，如在適當的位置設有無汙染加充全部氣瓶的裝置，只需 為所要求的每副呼吸器配備1個備用充氣瓶。在載客超過36人的客船上，每副呼吸器至少配備2個備用充氣瓶。

Two spare charges shall be provided for each required breathing apparatus。 Passenger ships carrying not more than 36 passengers and cargo ship that are equipped with suitably located means for fully recharging the air cylinders free from contamination need carry only one spare charges for each breathing apparatus shall be provided。

(簡而言之，船上如有認可的充裝裝置，可備用一個氣瓶，沒有充裝裝置的話一瓶在用，兩瓶備用.）

消防員裝備的存放：

Storage of Fire- fighterˊs outfits。

消防員裝備和個人裝置應存放在易於到達的位置，隨時可用。該位置有永久性的清晰標誌。所配備的消防員裝備或個人裝置不止1套或1副，須存放在明確分開位置。

The Fire- fighterˊs outfits。 or personal equipment shall be kept ready for use in an easily accessible location that is permanently and clearly marked and，where more than one fire- fighterˊs outfits。 or more than one set of personal equipment is carried， they shall be stored in widely separated positions。

消防員裝備的通訊：

Fire- fighterˊs outfits。 communication：

每套消防員裝備應配備兩隻雙向無線電話（防爆型）供消防員使用。（2014年7月1日以後建造船舶應滿足要求；2014年7月1日以前建造的船舶應不遲於2018年7月1日以後第一次檢驗前滿足）

For constructed on or after 1 July 2014，a minimum of two-way portable radiotelephone apparatus for each fire party for Fire- fighterˊs 。 communication shall be carried on board。 Those two-way portable radiotelephone apparatus shall be of an explosion-proof type or intrinsically safe。 Ships constructed before 1 July 2014 shall comply with the requirements of this paragraph not later than the first survey after 1 July 2018。

防爆對講機

二、《國家消防安全規則》 第三章對消防員裝備的要求

FSS COFE （International Code for Fire Safety Systems） chapter 3

消防員裝備由個人防護裝置和呼吸器組成。

A Fire-fighterˊs outfits shall consist of a set of personal equipment and a breathing apparatus。

個人裝置包括如下：

Personal equipment shall consist of the following：

1．防護服

其材料應能保護面板不受火焰的熱輻射及灼傷和蒸汽燙傷。其外表面應能

防水。

Protective clothing of material to protect the skin from the heat radiating from the fire and from burns and scalding by steam。 The outer surface shall be water-resistant；

2．長統靴

由橡膠或其他絕緣材料製成。

boots of rubber or other electrically non-conducting material；

3。頭盔

頂堅固耐用能對撞擊提供有效保護的硬質頭盔。戴頭盔時，一定要將頭盔的帽沿朝後，保護頸部。

rigid Helmet providing effective protection against impact。

4。安全燈

一盞認可型安全電燈（手提燈），其照明時間至少3h。在液貨船上使用的和擬用於危險區域的安全電燈應為防爆型。

electric safety lamp （hand lantern）of an approved type with a minimum burning period of 3 h。 Electric safety lamps on tankers and those intended to be used in hazardous areas shall be of an explosion-proof type；

5手柄為耐高壓絕緣太平斧一把。

axe with handle provided with high-voltage insulation

如圖：

左一不滿足FSS規則要求，餘下兩張太平斧滿足要求。

太平斧

6。安全帶

安全帶上具有固定可攜式消防斧的裝置，安全帶上的鋼製圓環可以和耐火救生繩繩端的卡鉤連線。

呼吸器

Breathing apparatus

1。自給式壓縮空氣呼吸器氣瓶內空氣儲存量至少為1200L的自給式壓縮空氣呼吸器，或可使用至少30min的其他自給式呼吸器。呼吸器的所有氣瓶都應能夠互換使用。

Breathing apparatus shall be a self-contained compressed air breathing apparatus for which the volume of air contained in the cylinders shall be at least 1200 L， or other self-contained breathing apparatus which shall be capable of functioning for at least 30 min。 All air cylinders for breathing apparatus shall be interchangeable。

2。呼吸器應該安裝有帶有視覺和聽覺的裝置，以至於在氣瓶內儲氣量不低於200L的情況下向使用者發出報警。

Compressed air breathing apparatus shall be fitted with an audible alarm and a visual or other device which will alert the user before the volume of the air in the cylinder has been reduced to no less than 200L。

3。耐火救生繩

對每一呼吸器都應配有一根長度至少30m的耐火救生繩。耐火救生繩應能夠透過5min的3。5kN靜荷載認可試驗。耐火救生繩應能夠用卡鉤系在呼吸器的揹帶上，或系在一條單獨的繫帶上，以防止在使用耐火救生繩時與呼吸器脫開。

For each breathing apparatus a fireproof lifeline of at least 30 m in length shall be provided。 The lifeline shall successfully pass an approval test by statical load of 3。5 KN for 5 min without failure。 The lifeline shall be capable of being attached by means of a snap-hook to the harness of the apparatus or to separate belt in order to prevent the breathing apparatus becoming detached when the lifeline is operated。