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英語語法—人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞
- 由 麗麗初中英語 發表于 武術
- 2021-05-24
反身是什麼意思
一、人稱代詞
1。人稱代詞指代人或物,分為主格和賓格。主格在句中充當主語;賓格在句中充當動詞的賓語或表語、介詞的賓語。
2。人稱代詞的順序
當多個人稱代詞並用時,單數你他我,複數一二三,道歉我為先。如:
You, he and I are 18。/ We, you and they are from China。
3。it的用法
(1)it除了用來代替上文所提到的事物外,還可用來表示時間、天氣、距離、季節等。如:-How‘s the weather today?
-It’s sunny。
(2)可代替動詞不定式作句中的形式主語或形式賓語。It‘s + adj。/n。 (for sb。/ of sb。) + to do sth。 (it作形式主語);sb。 find(s)/think(s) it + adj。+ to do sth。 (it作形式賓語)。如:
It’s necessary for us to learn English well。
She found it difficult to learn geography。
二、物主代詞
物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。
1。形容詞性物主代詞作定語修飾名詞,不能單獨使用。如:This is her dictionary。
2。名詞性物主代詞相當於“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”,句中作主語、賓語、表語,可與of所有格連用。如:This dictionary is hers。/She is a friend of mine。
三、反身代詞
反身代詞表示“某人自己的”。句中可用作動詞或介詞的賓語,也可用作主語或賓語的同位語,表示強調。反身代詞的構成規律是:第一、二人稱的反身代詞是形容詞性物主代詞+self/selves;第三人稱的反身代詞是人稱代詞賓格+self/selves。
2。反身代詞的某些固定搭配:
(1)by oneself 獨自
(2)enjoy oneself 過得愉快
(3)help yourself/yourselves to sth。 隨便吃
(4)dress oneself 給自己穿衣服
(5)believe in oneself 相信自己
(6)talk/say to oneself 自言自語/心裡想
(7)look after oneself 照顧自己
(8)hurt oneself 受傷
(9)leave one by oneself 把某人單獨留下
(10)teach oneself/learn by oneself 自學
四、指示代詞
1。常用的指示代詞有this,that,these和those。
this和these指在時間或空間上較近的事物或人。that和those則指時間和空間上較遠的事物或人。如:This is a pen and that is a pencil。/ We are busy these days。/In those days the workers had a hard time。
2。有時that和those指前面講到過的事物;this 和these則是指後面將要講到的事物。如:I had a cold。 That‘s why I didn’t come。
3。有時為了避免重複提到的名詞,常可用that或those代替前面提到的名詞。如:The population of China is larger than that of Australia。/The apples on this tree are bigger than those on that tree。 4。this在電話用語中代表自己,that則代表對方。如:Hello! This is Mary speaking。/Is that Jack speaking?
五、疑問代詞
疑問代詞有who, whom, whose, what和which。疑問代詞引導的問句為特殊疑問句,位於句首。
注意:who通常對錶示人的主語、賓語、表語提問,whom對錶示人的賓語提問。
六、練習
(一)根據句意,用所給詞的適當形式填空,使句子意思完整。
1._____(his)teaches us geography this term。
2。Let‘s go and tell_____(our) about it。
3。Did they enjoy_____(their)in Beijing last week?
4。Are_____(this)your parents?
5。This classroom is _____(they)。
6。She hasn’t brought_____(she) textbook with her yet。
7。The bird has hurt_____(it) left leg。
8。——Whose tapes are those?
——They are_____(I)。
9。——What a lovely card! Where did you buy it?
——I made it by_____(me)。
10。“Help_____(you)to some chicken ,”Tom and Henry。
(二)句子翻譯。
1。你最新哪一個學科?
2。這些蠟筆是誰的?
3。她正在學校門口等誰?
4。海南的天氣比大連的天氣熱。
5。我能照顧我自己,儘管它對我來說不容易。
6。我們的教室比他們的大多了。
7。南京今天天氣怎麼樣?多雲。
8。每天拼寫和大聲朗讀生詞是個好主意。
9。這條連衣裙不是她的。
10。相信我們自己很重要。
*練習參考答案
(一)1。He 2。her 3。themselves 4。these 5。theirs 6。her 7。its 8。mine 9。myself 10。yourselves
(二)1。Which subject do you like best?
2。Whose crayons are these?/Whose are these crayons?
3。Whom/Who is she waiting for at the school gate?
4。The weather in Hainan is hotter than that in Dalian。
5。I can look after/take care of myself although it‘s not easy for me。
6。Our classroom is much bigger than theirs。
7。What’s the weather like in Nanjing today?/How is the weather in Nanjing today? It‘s cloudy。
8。It’s a good idea to spell and pronounce new words aloud every day。
9。This dress isn‘t hers。
10。It’s important to believe in ourselves。