您現在的位置是:首頁 > 足球

什麼家風,讓瑞安俞氏家族延續百餘年

  • 由 錢江晚報 發表于 足球
  • 2022-01-25
簡介2017年,瑞安廣場文化客廳成立,展示俞氏“讀書、慎行、清白、敬業、勤儉”10字家風,並稱:“讀書是主線

誰敢動紹興俞家

文化交流特約作者 蔡玲玲

家風家訓是一種中國傳統的正能量,這種正能量如何延續?從瑞安大沙堤俞氏家族,我們或許可以窺見其中的傳承印跡。

瑞安作為千年古縣,素稱“東南小鄒魯”,其文脈綿長,名人輩出,底蘊深厚。

瑞安市區道院前街與小沙巷一帶,清朝年間,居住著“瑞安四大家族”中的兩大家族,那就是一代大儒孫詒讓與其父孫衣言、其叔孫鏘鳴的孫氏家族,黃體芳、黃紹箕、黃紹第等“五黃先生”的黃氏家族。而在兩大家族宅院的中間,一條名叫大沙堤的巷子裡,也曾飄出一縷書香,歷經五代人的釀造,瀰漫了一百多年。這就是俞氏家族。

什麼家風,讓瑞安俞氏家族延續百餘年

1966年和2016年的俞家合影。

俞家從紹興遷瑞後,從第七代俞黼[fǔ]唐至今,歷年著述達49種,共計8562萬字。而貫穿於這些文字之間的,是他們輩輩相傳、代代恪守的“讀書、慎行、清白、敬業、勤儉”這十字家風。近日,俞家後裔歷時兩年半時間編著的《瑞安大沙堤俞氏家風》一書出版發行,這延續了百多年的家風至此落地生根,繼續影響著年輕一代。

第一代讀書著述創家訓

俞黼唐(名君堯)是大沙堤俞氏家風的開創者。他生於清朝咸豐元年(1851年),從小就志向遠大,常常在勞作之餘,手捧一本書,向教書的父親請教。他對於讀書的熱愛,曾用“繼晷焚膏忘晝夜”“日西追月到黃昏”來形容;又把讀書視為墾種,樂在其中。他希望子孫能傳承下去,在《自詠》中說:“兒孫休負我,也將經訓作菑畬”。

俞黼唐24歲進入瑞安縣學補學官弟子,54歲成為縣學學官,一生設館,授徒為業。著名金文學家、《金文大字典》編纂者戴家祥便是他的學生。年過半百之後,他寫出了《周易講義》《禹貢說要》《河間存古翼聖編》《河間詩存》等,這些著述現收藏在溫州市圖書館古籍部。

《河間詩存》是溯源俞氏家風的一個視窗。這本詩集裡,俞黼唐透過《讀書》《勤學慎行》《明道自任》《卜居》等詩,表達自己平生“勤學、慎行、清白”的人生宗旨。

第二代慎行清白承文脈

俞黼唐的兒子俞春如(名煦甡)不負父望。他幼承庭訓,先後求學於池仲霖、周宗翰。宣統元年(1909年)拔貢,獲省試第三名。他是身體力行、發揚光大俞氏家風的關鍵人物。

俞春如一生淡泊名利、安貧樂道。他年輕時在家鄉開辦了私塾,授業為生。當時,俞春如正值青年,兩子尚幼,家庭經濟常捉襟見肘,但他仍堅守清白家風,不趨附,不羨榮華富貴。正如《行狀》中所說:“境雖清貧,始終不作寒乞之態。持身勤樸,布衣蔬食,處之晏然。”他喜歡看書,家中沒錢去買那麼多的書,便向朋友借,摘其要點,孜孜不倦,夜以繼暑。

什麼家風,讓瑞安俞氏家族延續百餘年

收藏於溫州市圖書館的俞黼唐著作。

後來俞春如任瑞安中學國文老師。瑞安革命先驅林去病、鄭馨等均是他的學生。1937年,俞春如受聘參與《瑞安縣誌》的編撰。對於所承擔的部分,俞春如多方蒐羅,不遺餘力,直至縣誌稿印行後,仍蒐集補正。現遺存瑞安玉海樓的民國縣誌稿中,尚有他的眉注手跡50餘處計數千字。

晚年的俞春如轉向了文史研究,1953年被聘為浙江省文史館首批館員,協助縣文館會將蒐羅到的私家圖書1萬餘冊,進行翻曬、整理、分類、編目,為地方積聚了大批文獻。俞春如一生讀書、寫作,學術研究範圍涉及經、子、史、文、方言和地方文史等,著作有《春廬詩文正續集》《春廬讀書記》《瑞安地方史料》等共計10餘種、100餘萬字。

此外,他恪守清白,愛國情深。他以清白、慎行為人生底色,內心則洋溢著愛國忠貞之情。其《抗戰歌》沉痛鞭撻,慷慨激昂;《過城市賦》悲喜恨盼,情真意切;《丁卯除夕感懷》愛國憂民,心繫草根。

第三代敬業勤儉揚家風

大沙堤俞氏家風有新的發展,是從俞春如之子俞大文、俞象川開始的。

俞大文從小受家庭薰陶,愛好古典文學,尤精詩詞,為中華詩詞學會會員,浙江省詩詞學會會員,溫州市詩詞學會顧問、榮譽理事。其作品曾先後發表在《當代中國詩詞精選》《全球當代詩詞選集》《中華詩詞》等書刊,出版有《憶菊廬吟稿》等詩集,他的傳略被編入《中國當代藝術界名人錄》《當代詩詞家大辭典》和《浙江古今人物大辭典》。

俞大文一生執教,桃李滿天下。他有詩云:“清白家風傳硯田,杏壇三世守青氈”“一領心安貧士氈,應仰家風典範在”,散發著俞氏家風的清香。俞大文“學而不厭,誨人不倦”,其行正學高,敬業愛崗,受到學生衷心敬重。

由於家境清貧,俞象川從小被送至瑞安永元錢莊當學徒。1935年初,浙江省地方銀行打算在瑞安籌建辦事處,熟悉金融、辦事幹練的俞象川被銀行選中,一起參與籌建後,被聘為辦事處主任。這是瑞安縣歷史上第一個新型的官辦金融企業,25歲的俞象川成為瑞安地方銀行的創始人,被後稱為近代瑞安金融先驅。

辦事處成立之初,在資金奇缺的情況下,俞象川利用自己的人脈發動全縣各界存款,得到積極響應。成立次年,辦事處的存款總額達1506萬元。這一年,他作為金融界代表被選為瑞安縣商會理事。

什麼家風,讓瑞安俞氏家族延續百餘年

瑞安俞氏大沙堤舊居。

他對工作認真負責,對業務精益求精,為人謙和儉樸,深得同仁敬重。即便他後來離開辦事處,仍受敬重,仍作為金融界代表當選瑞安縣商會理事長達10多年。

俞象川在外打拼養家,其妻金孟英則用吃苦耐勞、勤儉持家撐起了整個家庭的半邊天。她總是有條不紊地照料全家九口的衣、食、住、行,補衣納鞋搓麻線、種瓜養雞賣米餅,樣樣順手。她雖然讀書不多,但明大事,睦鄰里。當婆婆雙目失明,她悉心照料18年;後來丈夫患上帕金森氏病,她又沒日沒夜地護理了10年,直到丈夫撒手人寰。在那些磨難的歲月裡,她的愛和付出給了整個家庭溫柔而堅強的力量。

第四代筆耕創業沐墨香

2005年,溫州日報曾發表《溫籍作者最字榜》,歸納出溫州市年紀最大的作者、年紀最輕的作者、出書最多的作者、最有親緣關係的作者等,其中俞雄、俞海、俞光三兄弟被列為“最有親緣關係的作者”之一。

他們三兄弟退休後,投身文史研究與著述。老大俞雄從事文史研究,著有《驕鷗遠影》《孫詒讓傳略》《陳傅良傳略》等;老二俞海原為市文聯副主席,著有《坐對青山》《心旅》《五月桃花水》《俞海文存》等;老四俞光著有《溫州經濟史話》《瑞安經濟史》等,《溫州經濟史話》獲得了全國優秀社會科學普及作品的榮譽。此外,三兄弟整理出版了《俞春如集》,在報刊發表記述先輩的文章30來篇。

作為俞象川的下一代,他們努力踐行家風。在職時,清白做人、敬業實幹;退休後,發揮餘熱,迴歸書齋,從事於文史研究與著述。他們先後出版著作201種,字數達597萬字,延續了俞氏的文脈。同時,他們也發揚了“教師世家”的傳統,老二俞海教過書,老三俞松也曾是教師。而老五俞崇繼承了父親的實幹精神,積極投身改革,在省企溫化第一個帶頭承包汽車經營,第一個購買私人運貨汽車,後又回單位為經理,帶領企業從汽運業向倉儲業轉變。

第五代傳承踐行在路上

作為俞象川的孫輩,俞彪主持的省、市實驗專案“讓更多的人受到更好的教育”被《浙江日報》《浙江教育報》報道;俞穎被評為浙江省縣市區域報“十佳”領軍人物,著有《生命只有一次》(合著)、《羅陽紀事》;俞帆曾獲“新型連拱隧道結構”“EPS輕質路堤”“一種用於治理橋頭跳車的結構”等3項國家專利,其工程設計獲得省建設工程優質優秀設計一等獎。而這些成績的取得,是和家風的薰陶分不開的。在傳承踐行的路上,俞家的年輕一輩,不忘祖訓,傳承家風,在各自的學習和工作崗位上默默耕耘、砥礪前行。

什麼家風,讓瑞安俞氏家族延續百餘年

俞春如選拔貢卷。

在全民關注家風建設的大環境下,如何將家風傳承併發揚光大,成了擺在俞氏後裔面前的一大重要課題。2015年起,俞氏家族的內部,展開了一場關於家風的熱烈探討,重溫先輩思想言行,透過學習、提煉,總結了“讀書、慎行、清白、敬業、勤儉”10字家風,並將歷年積聚材料編為一冊,讓俞氏後人身體力行、代代相傳、發揚光大,讓家風踐行永遠在路上。

2017年,瑞安廣場文化客廳成立,展示俞氏“讀書、慎行、清白、敬業、勤儉”10字家風,並稱:“讀書是主線;慎行、清白是為人處世的準則;敬業是落實處;勤儉是持家原則。”這是對俞氏家風內涵的簡明準確概括。

Yu Family’s Motto Emphasizes Important Virtues

The Yu family in Rui’an in southeastern Zhejiang enjoyed a local reputation for about 200 years。 The family moved to Rui’an from Shaoxing in the northeast of the province。 It struggled for survival in Rui’an for generations。 It was not until Yu Futang born in 1851, a seventh-generation descendent of the Yu family in Rui’an, that the family began to thrive thanks to a group of mottoes formulated by Yu Futang for all the family members to follow faithfully。 Nowadays, the Yu family ranks with three other influential families in Rui’an in local scholars’ understanding of the history of Rui’an。

The ancestry of this branch of the Yu family in Rui’an can be traced to the Tang (618-907) and the Song (960-1279)。 After putting its roots down in Rui’an, the family prospered as a second-generation descendent made a fortune through trade。 It went down in the world when it came to the fifth generation。 It struggled in poverty when the sixth-generation descendents turned to scholarship。 The family practiced medicine for four generations before it realized it needed a clear-cut set of family guidelines which would keep the family above the ups and downs of times。 Yu Futang developed a motto that emphasized education, prudence and integrity as the most important precept that all the family members and future descendents must follow faithfully。

什麼家風,讓瑞安俞氏家族延續百餘年

晚年俞春如。

Scholars emerged from the family。 Over decades, they wrote 49 books which amount to 8。56 million words。 These books are carefully preserved。 A poetry collection by Yu Futang is now in the collection of Wenzhou Library。 The 120 poems in the collection are essentially about topics such as education, value, virtues such as integrity, family tradition, presenting a prominent difference from mainstream poems by other poets written about natural beauty, personal experience, history, sentiments, travel, borders, homesickness, and life vicissitudes。

Yu Futang was a late bloomer。 His education started when he was a child。 While working to make a living, he squeezed time to study。 It was not until he was 24 that he was enrolled into a school supported by the government of Rui’an County。 In his adult life, Yu taught as a private teacher。 It is said that Dai Jiaxiang (1906-1998), a native of Rui’an who later became a historian and linguist specialized in the ancient Chinese, studied under the guidance of Yu Futang while Yu was employed by the Dai family to teach children in the family。 Yu Futong became an official of the county school at 54。 He lived to see the birth of the Republic of China in 1911。

什麼家風,讓瑞安俞氏家族延續百餘年

1966年的俞家合影。

Yu Chunru, a son of Yu Futang, wrote a memoir of his father。 The junior said his father emphasized prudence and integrity as a guideline for everyday life。 The father advised him to never step into litigations and never exploit the people’s illiteracy for personal gains, never seek connections in high places to push down your neighbors。

After Yu Chunru passed the provincial examination which qualified him to government appointments, the father advised the son not to seek appointment to government positions。 “Working as a government official would be the easiest way to get corrupted。 Moreover, you are young and ignorant of the world。 If you got yourself into politics, you might easily hurt yourself and the reputation of the family。 You’d better work as a teacher and promote Confucianism,” advised the father。

Yu Chunru worked as a teacher in a local middle school in Rui’an。 Among his students were some revolutionaries who fought and died for the birth of New China。 In 1937, he was engaged to compile Annals of Rui’an County。 In 1953, he was recruited as a scholar working for Zhejiang Institute of Culture and History。

Many descendents of the Yu family go down in the history of literature, history, culture。 In 2005, Wenzhou Daily published a survey that categorized prominent people in various walks of life。 Three Yu brothers were listed as best known writers who shared kinship。

Many descendents of the Yu family are now prominent figures。 Yu Biao is an accomplished educator who has conducted many education projects。 Yu Fan is a road construction engineer who has three patents under his name。

什麼家風,讓瑞安俞氏家族延續百餘年

2016年的俞家合影。

Yu Futang’s not-to-do list sounds like a set of commandments such as never curry favor with those in power and in money, never go near a wasteful and extravagant way of life, and never tyrannize your neighbors by bringing them to lawsuits。

The family’s mottos chiefly from Yu Futang might not be the best in China, but it served the family and reflected the time when the family tried to go through the world’s vicissitudes and survive decently。

In 2015, the family looked back at the mottos written by their ancestors and simplified them into a five-word motto: education, prudence, integrity, dedication, thrift。 The family members agree to hold fast to the motto and bring the family to the best possible future。

Top